HEUNI Report series № 112. Between Victimhood and Offending. A Nordic Scoping Study on the Links Between Youth Criminal Exploitation and Trafficking

Published in 2026
Authors
Anniina Jokinen, Annette Bäckström, Sofie Relander, Natalia Ollus, Jenna Kenttälä and Carolina Bäckström

This scoping study explores the intersection between youth recruitment into organised crime, criminal exploitation, and child trafficking in the Nordic countries. It examines how these emerging forms of exploitation are understood and addressed by criminal justice and other relevant actors and evaluates the benefits and limitations of applying the human trafficking framework to such situations.

 
Criminal justice Exploitation of adolescents and children Human trafficking Victims of crime